Kupu Whakataki

I roto i ngā taiwhanga koiora me ngā taiwhanga matū o ēnei rā,E whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā ngongo ahurea whakakorekore i roto i te ahurea pūtau, ngā tauhohenga matū, te tiaki tauira me ētahi atu mahi nui.Kāore e taea te wareware i tō rātou hiranga i roto i te tukanga whakamātautau. Nā te mea kei te pā tika ēnei ngongo ahurea ki ngā tauira whakamātautau, ka pā nui ki ngā hua o te whakamātautau te rauemi, te rahi, te katinga, tae noa ki te mea kua horoia, kāore rānei. Mā te kōwhiringa hē ka arahi pea ki te whakawhiti-paru, te ngaronga o te tauira, te whakahāngai raraunga whakamātautau rānei, ā, ka pā ki te tika me te taea o te whakaputa anō o te rangahau.

Ngā Momo Matua o ngā Ngongo Ahurea Whakakore

He whānuitia ngā momo ngongo ahurea whakakorekore, ā, me whiriwhiri e ngā kairangahau te momo tika i runga i te kaupapa o te whakamātautau, te taiao mahi me ngā āhuatanga o ngā tauira. E toru ngā wāhanga o ēnei: ​​te rauemi, te kaha me te mahi motuhake:

1. Whakarōpūtanga mā te rauemi

He rerekē te ātete ki te pāmahana, te pumau matū me ngā āhuatanga whatu o ngā ngongo ahurea whakakorekore i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi rerekē:

• Polypropylenee: He ātete pai ki te pāmahana tiketike me te waikura matū, he pai mō te ahurea pūtau noa, ngā whakamātautau koiora ngota me ētahi atu tono.
• PorotireiniHe mārama teitei, he ngāwari ki te tirotiro i te āhua wai me te āhua pūtau, he mea noa te whakamahi i roto i ngā whakamātautau whatu, engari kāore i te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, ā, kāore e taea te whakamahi mō te autoclaving.
• Ngā ngongo ahurea karāheAhakoa ka taea te whakamahi anō, ā, he pumau hoki ki ngā matū, he nui te utu, me ētahi atu tikanga horoi me te whakamate, ā, ka tūpono pea te horapa o te poke.

2. Whakarōpūtanga mā te kaha

I runga i te rahinga o te tauira e hiahiatia ana mō te whakamātautau, ko te kaha o ngā ngongo ahurea kei waenga i te iti me te rahinga nui:

• Ngā ngongo whakapūtātanga itie whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te tohatoha tauira, te whakatōtōtanga ā-pokapū, te tango DNA/RNA me ētahi atu mahi.
• Ngā ngongo ahurea paerewa: te kaha e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te taiwhanga, e tika ana mō te whakatipu pūtau, te whakaranu tauhohenga, te tiaki tauira me ētahi atu kaupapa.
• Ngā ngongo ahurea nui-kaha: he pai mō te whakatipu pūtau nui, mō te tukatuka wairewa nui rānei.

3. Whakarōpūtanga mā te mahi motuhake

Kei te wātea ngā ngongo me ngā āhuatanga tāpiri maha hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia whakamātautau motuhake:

• Ngā Ngongo Kua Whakahoromatatia i mua i te Aseptic: kua whakahoromatatia ki te wheketere mā te irahiko gamma, mā te autoclave rānei, he pai mō ngā whakamātautau me ngā whakaritenga ātete tino teitei.
• Me te taupoki kātere: ka taea te whakawhiti hau, he pai mō ngā moroiti me ngā raina pūtau e hiahia ana kia whakapūhautia, ā, ka ārai i te poke mai i ngā pūtake o waho.
• Ngā Ngongo Ātete Pāmahana Iti: ka taea te whakamahi haumaru i roto i te taiao -80℃, tae atu ki te hauota wai, he pai mō te tiaki roa i ngā tauira koiora i te pāmahana iti.
• Ngā ngongo kua oti te whakatō/kāore i oti te whakatōHe watea ngā ngongo kua whakarōpūtia mō te tere o te whakatau tata me te tohatoha i te rōrahi wai hei whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o ngā whakamātautau.

Ngā Take Matua mō te Kōwhiri i ngā Ngongo Ahurea

I roto i te tukanga hoahoa me te whakahaere whakamātautau, he mea nui te whiriwhiri i ngā ngongo ahurea whakakorekore e tika ana hei whakarite i te whai huatanga me te tika o ngā hua o te whakamātautau. Me whai whakaaro whānui ngā kairangahau ki ētahi āhuatanga matua:

1. Momo whakamātautau

He rerekē rawa ngā whakaritenga mō ngā ngongo ahurea i ia whakamātautau, i ia whakamātautau, ā, me whiriwhiri kia rite ki te ihirangi o te mahi me te taiao whakamātautau:

• Mō te ahurea pūtauHe tino teitei ngā whakaritenga mō te korenga o te hau, ā, e taunakihia ana kia whakamahia ngā ngongo kua oti te whakahoromata me ngā taupoki kātere manawa hei whakarite kia taea te whakawhiti hau.
• Ngā whakamātautau PCR / koiora ngotaMe kore he whākōkī DNA, he whākōkī RNA me ngā ngongo kore-pyrogen, me whakamahi pinepine i ngā ngongo polypropylene kounga ma.
• Te rokiroki i te pāmahana itiMe whakamahi ngā ngongo he pai te ātete ki te pāmahana iti hei karo i te pakaru i ngā pāmahana iti.

2. Ngā āhuatanga tauira

Ka pā tika ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ā-matū o te tauira ki te whiriwhiri i te rauemi me te whirihoranga mahi o ngā ngongo ahurea:

• Ngā tauira wai, totoka rānei: ka whakatau i te rōrahi e hiahiatia ana me te āhua o te kōhao o te ngongo.
• Ngā tauira waikawa, kawakore rāneiKo ngā tauira tino waikura me whai rauemi ātete matū hei karo i te hurihanga o te ngongo, te poke rānei.
• Me karo rānei i te māramatangaMe whiriwhiri ngā tauira e tairongo ana ki te mārama i te ngongo ahurea rauemi karaka, i te ngongo mātotoru rānei, kia kore ai e pirau te rauemi.

3. Ngā whakaritenga whakahoromata

Ko te hiahia mō te whakahoromata me te momo whakahoromata e whakamahia ana ngā mea matua hei whakaaroarohia i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā ngongo:

• Te whakahoromata i mua i te whakahoromata me te whakahoromata i a koe anōHe pai ngā hua kua oti te whakahoromata i mua i te wheketere mō ngā whakamātautau tere-whakaputa, e penapena ana i te wā; mēnā he taputapu whakahoromata autoclave kei te taiwhanga, ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i ngā ngongo PP ka taea te whakahoromata.
• Hototahi whakahoromataHei tauira, kāore te rauemi PS e pai mō te autoclaving, ā, mō te whakamahinga kotahi anake.

4. Hototahitanga

Me urutau pai ngā ngongo ki ngā taputapu taiwhanga kia maeneene ai te mahi me te pono o ngā hua:

• Hototahi ā-pūngaoMe pakari te hanganga o ngā ngongo e whakamahia ana mō te centrifugation kia tu atu ai i ngā kaha centrifugation i ngā tere hurihuri teitei.
• Hototahi aunoatangaMō ngā whakamātautau e hiahia ana kia whakamahia ngā karetao whakapūtā, ngā pūnaha tohatoha aunoa, me ētahi atu, me whakamahi i ngā rahi ngongo paerewa.

5. Te utu me te pumau

He mea nui anō hoki te whai whakaaro ki te whakahaere tika i ngā utu me te whakapaunga rauemi hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia whakamātautau:

• Ngā mea whakakorekore me ngā mea whakamahi anōHe ngāwari te whakahaere i ngā ngongo whakakorekore, ā, he pai mō ngā whakamātautau tere te rere; he pai ngā ngongo karāhe whakamahi anō mō ​​ngā whakamātautau taketake me te iti o te tahua.
• Tauine hoko: mā te hoko nui ka taea te whakaiti i te utu mō ia wae, he pai mō ngā kaupapa roa, tauine nui; he ngāwari ake ngā whakaritenga iti, he whakaritenga kua whakaritea engari he nui te utu.

Ngā Taunakitanga mō ngā Horopaki Taupānga Noa

E ai ki ngā hiahia motuhake o ngā momo whakamātautau rerekē, e taunakihia ana ngā ngongo ahurea whakakorekore e whai ake nei mō ētahi āhuatanga tono noa, e whai ana kia whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te pono o ngā whakamātautau:

1. Te whakatipu pūtau

• Momo e taunakitia ana: ngā ngongo ahurea polypropylene parakore me ngā taupoki kātere manawa
• TakeHe pai te koretake o te matū me te hototahi ki te koiora o te rauemi polypropylene, he pai mō te wai whakatipu pūtau. Ka taea e te taupoki kātere te whakatutuki i te whakawhitiwhiti hau whai hua, te ārai i te poke o ngā moroiti, me te whakatutuki i te taiao hau e hiahiatia ana mō te tipu pūtau.

2. Te whakatinanatanga ngota PCR/qPCR

• Ngā momo kua tūtohutiangā ngongo PCR motuhake kāore he nuclease, kāore he pyrogen, ngā ngongo microcentrifuge rānei
• Take: Ka taea e ngā ngongo polypropylene tino parakore te karo i te pirau, te poke rānei o te tauira i muri i te maimoatanga tino tika, kia tika ai, kia pono ai hoki ngā hua whakanui. E taunakihia ana te hoahoa pakitara angiangi hei whakapai ake i te pai o te whakawhiti wera.

3. Te rokiroki i te pāmahana iti

• Momo i ManakohiaNgā Ngongo Polypropylene Ātete-Iti, he Hoahoa Ārai-Hukapapa, me te Taupoki Hiri Tīwiri
• TakeKa taea te whakamahi i ēnei ngongo hei penapena tauira mō te wā roa i te -80°C, i roto rānei i te hauota wai, ā, mā te hanganga motuhake ka ārai i te pakarukaru o te ngongo me te turuturu o te tauira. He pai mō te penapena roa i ngā raina pūtau, ngā tauira toto, ngā pūmua, ngā waikawa karihi rānei.

4. Pūwero

• Ngā momo kua tūtohutiahe ngongo polypropylene manawanui-teitei, he hoahoa raro porowhita, he kōniko rānei, me ngā rotor centrifuge
• TakeHe pai te ātete o ngā ngongo PP ki te tohanga, ā, ka taea te tu atu i ngā kaha tohanga teitei me te kore e rerekē te āhua, e pakaru rānei. Ka āwhina te raro kōniko ki te kohikohi i ngā pūtau, i ngā putunga rānei ki waenganui, me te whakanui ake i te tere whakaora.

Ngā Hapa Noa me ngā Huarahi hei Ārai i a rātou

I roto i te mahi, ka puta te korenga o te whakamātautau nā te kōwhiringa hē o ngā ngongo ahurea i ētahi wā. Kei raro nei ētahi hapa noa me ngā whakaaro e pā ana ki ngā otinga hei tirohanga mā ngā kairangahau:

1. Te whakamahi hē i ngā rauemi kāore e ātete ki te pāmahana teitei mō te autoclaving